Valve operating mechanism



Jal l. l, 1935. HANZLIK 1,986,416 V VALVE OPERATING MECHANISM FiledMarch 21, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet l IILII] WITNESSES: 1 INVENTOR 6- 3 HENRYJ. HRNZLIK.

BY 7 I /,M

ATTORNEY 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. 1, 1935. H. J. HANZLIK a VALVE OPERATINGMECHANISM Filed March 21. 1934 L R v 2 0 K E o T H mm G a 5 4 m Z o I 9a 6 v N a T m F u a f m a m 2 H 1 i I HHWH w W. Y .IIII W 7 1. :5 .q H 2i i MWM WHWMWMW m W M M 11! .q. i a T A 5| 11 n W 3 6 =2 7 3/ =3 F K a Ea M I] A H 4 6 l 4 5 ll 4 an m M a M WITNESSES Jan. 1, 1935. H. JHANZLIK VALVE OPERATING MECHANISM Filed March 21, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 3SPESD 0F SHIP AREA or VALVE Passes:

Ei MO Ia -k EQUFW SPEED OF SHIP F'l & 5

BSTERN TURBINE OR VALVE LIFT.

F IG

RD TURBINE SECTION SECTION INVENTOR HENRY J.Hm-;z1.n

WITNESSES (Md-5 v Q, rs. M ATTORNEY l 1 im n ion: relates I to evolveoperating Patented Jan. 1, 1935 Pennsylvania 5 f Applieation Marathi;1ssii 1 1u-i #1133 p com (01. 60-97) anism for controlling elastic fluid-pri ne moyers, and .itw has for 'a broad' object to-r provide,apparatnsof lthisicharacter; which is of improved. oonstructiomiscompact, and is simple; H

-Aocording {to one aspect-of. my invention, -.I Providers valveoperating mechanism which is espeoially adapted to control an elasticfluid pnime amover of the 'type having both ahead and aster-n sections;sorte -control two separate .prin e movers, wherein one; is used forahead operation and theotherforp-astern operation,- The im proved Imechanismvcomprises a single -=control element whiehamay be tmoved to..efieet either ahead or-n-astern operationaskdesiredw 1 Accordingto-a-nother aspect of my; invention, 1 provide a control mechanism ionelastic; fluid primermowers: used for the propulsion of 'ship's whereinequal-incrementsof movement on controlelement provide I equal changes inthe speed. ofg-theship V I These and other objects will be effectedbylmy invent-ionaswill. be apparentrfrom the followingdescriptionand-claims taken in, connection with theaccompanyingndrawingsgforming a part of this application in which: I i

I Fig. .1 isa sideelevat'ion showing my-invention applied to an elasticfluid turbine "havin aheadandastern sections; N i l Fig. 2 is an.enlarged .vertical; section through one of .the valvesamigits' operatingrelay shown in 'Fig ly r s Fig.3 is a diagrammatic view showingftheshape. of .thencarnusedrin'therelays which trans mitsltheiorce appliedb'y'th'e control membefto the relayandthemainlsteam valve; L1 Fig, 4 isaplan View on aredu'ced s'caleshow in theturbine of Fig'il'as drivingjaship's propeller ithioughla reduction gear unitj'f v .t "Fig; ,5 isa'graph howing the amount of steam now required; forthe' speed. rangeof aship;,'

Fig. 6 is a graphshowingthe amountof valve lift required for securingthe1range ofsteam flow or. horsepower in the cQnVentionaLtype of plug pp t v v 4" I Fig; 7 a graph showing thexamountpfivalve lift Trequiredior' thej'speed rangegof "fa. ship whei ei nia steam valve ofrtheconventional plug t ypciils usedf l f H w Figlfi is'a View similantdFig..1 showingva modified form .of valve operating .rnechanism.

Referring now. in detail to, theconstruc-tion illustrated, andparticularly to Figs; 1 to 1 -7,' inelusive,- it gwillbenobserved that Ishown my inv nt e rc d t a te m m i wi him-4 having! anxahe ii asternsection 12, ancl ineluding n sha-ft 1&whieh connected hymn suitable-lcouplingcial4 i to Ha regiuction gear unitT-M, and'theiatter in tu'r n'Wn ectegl to ax, shaft-l6 rofizavship ipropeilei 1? ,iecel iesz ,fl14);-r=;-; I Astemnv pipe 18- seryes: toconvey motive steaim Hsectionlenti an ms w ndqs conmconduits19- and: 20: and-the 4 latter;areeonnectedprrespectivelyi ito. 'the ahead and ste tn sections-11 QJLd llFirst iandsecond steam :valves: zli and: 2-2: are; disposed- :in' thecon c ses a ddfl res ectivelyr ndrserve to re ulate the flow of steam-7o the aheadzanmasteni seotions The-valves 1+ and 22; aremper'atedrespectively by vfirstq amt second sil -operated relays zii and24 1 1 M4s the y ponstruetion 0f the steam yalve :2 and oil-operated relay ,23{the same as the steenn valveyflz endwitsioil operated relay 24,

ra v gland-ther by ZMsee: Fig; 2):}. .n 1' p l Stile-rel ve 2 1' is;within-a. valve? casing 25 nd: iap m d dwm o D flti &r-Stcm'526 whichextends exteriorly of the casing 25-jandxis ansom-w :O P ne TZ-- w thnkonem in reagen theflrelay23r order to prevent fires paused;byioil-leaking fromthe relay onto-the hot steain pipes, the rela 2?- idisposed beneath the "I ave-shown in yzletai and will describe ionlytthev casing-. 25 and is connected thereto by l ciewedatipncncml a szi ed-afiq, in oih l relay-r23 andds weldemat its other endgto the valve-casing25.

A :jIhe relayg23 -includes- :a ,-secondary;ele!nent "3 1 operatively;connected-tothe steam: valve 21, as

will presentlyqappear; lanvdpis movable in response to: an goperatingforce; fOlj example,- oil Y under pressure, for opening and closingthewalve'The .relay'aalsokincludes a primary element=32 movyable :toucontrol lthe application" of the operating force itoi thesecondai'yfelement $1; and a followup: lever 33; one purposewswhicn isto'qeturn the: mmary eiemem 1 to neutralposition=fupon movenie tion:

end. of the cylinder is 34 andfthe piston and wa va ti e s tpston' o eme of t e operating oil" an d- .in;a direction to close the gsteamvalve. ;,A passagexw serves to convey th operating oil under pressuretoand from the lower end of the cylinder.

The primary element 32 comprises a cylinder and a pilot valve 41. Thecylinder 40 is provided with spaced-annular ports 42, 43, 44, 45, and46. The port 42 is in communication with the passage 37, iThe port 43,isin communication with a pipe- 47 which provides jope'i ating oil underpressure from any suitable source (not shown). The port 44 communicatesthrough; an-

opening 48 in the upper end of the operating cylinder with an opening 49in-the -cylinde'r and a pipe 50 connected to any suitable place ofdischarge. The port 45 is connected to a pipe-5L1 which serves to conveygoverning .oil under pressure from a governor pump 52 of the impellertype driven by theturbine shaft 13.. The port 46 serves to conductleakageoil tothe cylinder 34 and drainage pipe 50. 5

The pilot valve 41 fits within the oyiiiidoi 40 and comprisesavalveportion 55 and a pusher or tappet portion 56 connected to the valveportion bymeans of a tension spring 57 'anda 'rocl 58, which latterserves -to hold-apart thev'alve portion 55 and 'pusher'portion 56 andthereby provide for an initial tension on' the spring 57. The rod 58-abuts at itsupper end the pusher portion 56 and the lower end thereof isscrew- Y threaded and extendsthrough-a"screw threaded opening '59 inthe-endof 'thevalve portion 55-. The amount of initial tension "on thespring 57 may be varied-"by screwing the rod -58inwardly'oroutwardlyfas'desired. Y p

The valve portion 55 is provided with two spaced annular recesses 60 and61 separated by a piston portion 62. The piston portion 62 serves toblankoff the port 42 and *pas's'age' 37 leading to the operating'cylinder, when the pilot valve is'inits neutral or cut ofi position."When the pilot valve is moved upwardly fromthe position shown in Fig.-2, the recess 60- connects the ports 43 and 42 and the operating oilunder pressure will flow-from thepipe 47 through the ports 43 and 42 andpassage37 to'the lower end of the cylinder '34. The oil under pressurewill enert a force against the lower side of the piston 35 sufiicientto'move' the" piston upwardly against the spring 36 and open'the steamvalve '21. When the pilot valve is-moved downwardly from -44,opening"48, and upper por'tion of'thecylinder 34-Ito the dischargeopening 49 and-pipe 50,

thereby permitting the 1 spring-36 fto'move the 'piston 35downwardly'ina direction torclo'se the steam'valve I The follow-up lever33 has 'formed'there'on a longitudinally disposed curved slot 64including an effective cam portion. 65 and anineffective portion 66,-the purpose of-which will presently appean; A fulcrumelement67;is:movable' i-n the S10t': 64 and is carried by the outer end; ofalever a'rm 68, the other end of the latter being fixed to a rotatableshaft69 carried bythe icylinder 34 of the secondary i elementfi One endof the i followgp lever] is pivotally connected by a pin 70tojthe'fuppjer end of the pusher element 56 of the pilot 'va lve. Theother en'dof the' follow-up lever ispivotally connectedto' the coupling27. This "latter/pivotal connection/coinpr ises a roller 71 mounted on apin '72 carried by the lever 33 and engagingan annular flange 13 on thecoupling 27 'and held against' such flange by means of a spring 74 whichis connected at one end to the lever 33 and the other end to the valvecasing 25.

As stated previously, one purpose of the follow-up lever 33 is to returnthe pilot valve to neutral position upon movement of the main valve'in,either.-,direction.' Thisv willi be apparent fr'omfexarninationtofFig. ,2, ,Should the pilot valve be moved upwardly to admit theoperating oil beneath the piston 35 and thereby move the steam valve 21in an opening direction, such movement-of the steam valve will cause thefollow-upylever to rock about its fulcrum element ,1 G'Z-iandmove thepilot valve back to neutral position; On, the other hand, should thepilot valve be moved downwardly from the position shown to 'dischargetheoperating oil from beneath the operating piston and thereby move thesteam valve in a closing direction if the latter should be open, thefollow-up lever will rockabout its fulcrum'element 67 and move the pilot-valv back to its 5 neutral position. A further and important functionof the follow-up lever 33 is -to provide'for a controlled movement of'the pilot valve so as to effect the operation of the secondary elementto open and close the valve 21' and control the speed of the turbine. Inthe drawings, I have shown the "force'for effecting movement of thepilot valve as being' applied bya fulcrum element 67 which is movablealong the slot 64 in the lever. The slot 641s so designed that movementof the fulcrum element f1om*the' middle position shown in Fig. 2 to theleft and along the effective portion 65 thereof, will result in anupward movement of thepilotvalve and the application of the operatingoil under pressure beneath the operating piston 35. Movement of thefulcrum element tothe right-of the position, shown in the drawing and inthe ineffective portion 66 will have no effect on the movement of thepilot valve.

Movement of the primary element by the fulcrum element and follow-uplever is due to the design of the effective portion 65 of the slot 64.The sides of the effective portion '65 of the slot are in effect camsurfaces which curve away from the arc of movement of the axis of thefulcrum element. Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view showing in fulllines thecenter line a of the slot' with the effective'and ineffective portions65 and 66 indicated thereon. It, will be observed that theiportion ofthe center line corresponding to'the. effective portion 65 of the slotis curved away from a dotted line --bwhich indicates the arc ofmovementof the axis of the fulcrumYelement; The dotted line -b does notappear on that portion of the center line which corresponds to theineffective portions 66 of the slot as the arc of movement of the axisof the fulcrum element is coincident with the centerline of the slot atthe right of the view.

The relay mechanism is constructed'and arranged so that opening of avalve occurs between, forexample, the five degree and thirtyfive degreepositions indicated in Fig. 3, thereby leaving at themiddle'portions ofthe cam groove an arc'of ten degrees during which both, the ahead andastern valves are closed, the reason forthis being that the fulcrum maybe operated by remote control mechanism involving levers "and links andat certain amount of lee-way should be allowed on account of back-lash,maladjustment, et' cetera, to assure that bothsteam valvesmay be closedat an intermediate position move thepistondownwardly and close thesteamy .valvesuflicintly to lower the. speed of the turbine to a valuewhere theresulting governing 1oilpressure force does not exceed that ofthe spring 5'7 for the setting of the latter; As stated previously, theinitial tension ,on the spring, 57. may be varied to any desired amountby simply adjusting the rod 58. The spring may turbine, that is, theturbine will be directly conbe adjusted so that the governing oilpressure be'used only for preventing over-speeds of the jtrolledjthroughout its speed range by the lever FIBacting simply as athrottle, and the governing oilv pressure. will affect the operation ofthe apparatus only-when the speed of the turbine exceeds a predeterminedvalue which is above the operating range. On the other hand, the

spring 57 may be adjusted for some lower speed .-j;;.' in the operatingrange. With the latter adjustment, thelever will serve as a straightthrottle until the speed of the turbine reaches the predeterminedminimum corresponding to ,the

o initialv setting of the spring 57, and, for speeds .:above thepredetermined minimum, movement setting, of the governor.

The apparatus described provides a simple 5, and effective means forcontrolling by a single means the operation of prime .movers designedfor; ahead,and asternoperation, and insofar as this aspect of theinventionis concerned, it is I. not limited in its application tocontrolling prime movers used as a ship propelling means for it may beused in other connections, for

ing sections of prime movers used in dipper J 1; dredges and the like. r

Furthermore, as the purpose of cam 64 isto provide a control wherein theincrements of movement of the control vor throttle lever correv spondto' equal changes inthe speed of the ship,

- the cam feature may be applied to any prime :mover used for shippropulsion and this is true even though the prime mover be used solelyfor ahead motion or solely for astern motion. In Fig. 8, I have shown aform of my invenftionwhich is similarin all'respects to thecon Vustruction shown in Figs. 1 to 7, inclusiva with ahead section 101 andan. astern section 102;, valves 103 and 104 controlling the flow ofsteam the exception; thata modified form of followup lever and a controllever is provided.

InFig. 8,.I provide a turbine IOOhaVingan --'to the ahead andi asternsections respectively;

ment-10 8; and a follow-up lever 109 pivotally -gconnectedat one end tothe valve stem; and

pivotally, connected intermediate its ends by a pin 110 with the primaryelement. A longitudinally-disposed slot 111 is provided-in the outer endof the lever 109 and is provided with an effective or cam portion 112and an ineffective .Likewise, the relay 106 comprises a secondaryportion 113. The cam portion'l12 is designed to operate inthe samemanner as the cam portion of. the previously described modification.

Ilement 107a, a primary element 108a, and a followeup lever 109a havinga slot 111a in its endin cluding a cam portion 112a and an ineffective;portion 113a.

slot 111a overlaps the end of the lever 109 carry-,

ingtheslot 111. A fulcrum element 114 is provided which is of suificientwidth to move Within ofthe lever, 78 will result in changing the speedexample, for controlling the forward and revers-;

and relays105and 106 for operating the valves- 103 and1051 respectively.The relay 10 5, comprises a secondary element 107, a primary; ele-g Theend carrying the.

both slots 111 and 111a. The fulcrum element 114 is carried by the outerend of a lever arm 115 fixed to a shaft 116, and a control or throttlelever 117 is also fixed to the shaft 116 for efiecting movement of thefulcrum element in the slots 111 and 111a. As in the previouslydescribedmodification, the positions of the two relays are reversed sothat while the fulcrum ele- -ment is moving in the cam portion of oneslot it also is moving in the ineffective portion of the other slot. Itwill be apparent that the operation of the apparatus shown'in Fig. 8 isthe same as that of the previously described modification. Hence,further description is deemed unnecessary.

While I have shown my invention in several forms, it will be obvious tothose skilled in the art that it is not so limited, but is susceptibleof various other changes and modifications,

without departing from the spirit thereof, and I desire, therefore, thatonly such limitations shall be placed thereupon as are imposed by theprior artor as are specifically set forth inthe appended claims.

What I claim is; ratus including an ahead section and an astern section,of first and second conduit means for conveying motive fluid to theahead and-astern sections respectively; first and second valves in thefirst and second conduit means respectively for controlling the flow ofmotive fluid there- -through; first and second relays for controllingthe operation of the first and second valves respectively; each of therelays comprising a secondary element connected to its respective valvefor opening and closing the latter, a primary element movable toregulate the application of an operating force to the secondary element,a folloW-up lever connecting the valve and primary element for movingthe latter back to neutral ;position upon movement of the valve andhaving thereon; a cam surface extending longitudinally thereof, and afulcrumelementmovable along the cam surface from a mid-position thereoncorresponding to the cut-off position of its respective valvetoward oneend of the cam surface a for effecting movement of the primary elementina direction to open its respective valve, and

. movable along the cam surface from such midposition towardthe otherend of the cam surface :,.without effecting movement of its respectiveprimary element toward valve-opening position; and mechanism forsimultaneously moving the fulcrum elements of both the first and secondrelays along their respective surfaces in such a manner that as onefulcrum element moves from its mid-position in a direction to open itsrespective valve the other fulcrum element moves from its mid-positionin a direction to maintain its respective valve closed. 1

2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the cam surfacescomprise-sides. of slots extending ers, and the fulcrum elements aredisposed within their respective slots and are moved longitudinallythereof to effect the desired operation of the valves.

,3; Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein each cam surface and itscooperating fulcrum element are disposed between their respectiveprimary element and valve.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein each cam surface and itscooperating fulcrum element are disposed at the side of theirrespeclongitudinally of their respective follow-uplevtive primaryelement which is opposite to the valve.

5. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein each fulcrum element iscarried by the outer end of a separate lever arm, and the two lever armsare connected together by means of a link for operation in unison.

6. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein both fulcrum elements arecarried by the outer ends of lever arms connected to a single shaft foroperation in unison.

mover apparatus for use as a ship propelling means including a driveshaft and a propeller operatively connected to said drive shaft; of aconduit for conveying motive fluid to such apparatus; a valve forcontrolling the flow of motive fluid through such conduit; a relay foroperating said valve comprising a secondary element connected to thevalve, a primary element movable to control the application of anoperating force to the secondary element, follow-up mechanism connectingthe valve and primary element for restoring the primary element to atral position for efiecting movement of the secondary element and valve,said means comprising a movable control member and being so constructedand arranged that equal increments of movement of the control membereffect equal changes in the speed of the ship.

9. The combination with an elastic fluid prime mover apparatus for useas a ship propelling means including a drive shaft and a propelleroperatively connected to said drive shaft; of a conduit for conveyingmotive fluid to such apparatus; a valve for controlling the flow ofmotive fluid through such conduit; a relay for operating said valvecomprising a secondary element connected to the valve a primary elementmovable to control the application of an operating force to thesecondary element, and a followup lever connecting the valve and primaryelement for returning the latter to a neutral position upon movement ofthe valve in either direction and including a fulcrum element; thefollow-up lever having thereon a longitudinally disposed cam surface andthe fulcrum element being movable along the cam surface to impartmovement to the primary element away from its neutral position so as toeffect movement of the secondary element and valve; a control member formoving the fulcrum element along the cam surface; the cam surface beingso shaped that equal increments of movement of the control member effectoperation of the valve so as to cause equal changes in the speed of theship.

HENRY J. HANZLIK.

